Debate continues on the transmission routes of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, in the rapidly growing COVID-19 pandemic, however, there is no doubt that most infection so far has occurred indoors. This pandemic has occurred in the new age of big data, AI and 5G communication. This has provided an opportunity to explore the dynamics of infection and transmission as affected by indoor environment, i.e. hospitals, homes, offices, shopping centres, train and plane cabins, restaurants, subway stations where people live, work and socialize.
In this workshop we will discuss the latest findings in our global inquiry of the transmission routes and intervention in buildings, including impact of indoor environment in major outbreaks, mathematical and statistical modelling of effects of indoor environment including human behavior, intervention methods related to indoor environment, behavior and properties of bio-aerosols containing the virus in buildings, etc. The panel and participants will identify the future research directions and opportunities for collaboration within and beyond the indoor air research community.

1. 1.Measuring viral aerosol exhaled from COVID cases and the efficacy of masks as source control (Donald K. Milton)
2. 2.Investigating the Seattle choir outbreak of COVID-19 (Shelly Miller)
3. 3.CFD and ventilation in Guangzhou restaurant outbreak of COVID-19 (Hua Qian)
4. 4.Viral sequence/phylogenetic analysis (Julian W Tang)
5. 5.Multi-route modelling of Diamond Princess outbreak (Brent Stephens)
6. 6.Ventilation and airflow distribution in the micro-environment (Chandra Sekhar)
7. Panelist: Linsey Marr, Lidia Morawska

This special workshop is based on the first Invited Major Review of Indoor Air Journal (Nazaroff and Weschler, Indoor Air, https://doi.org/10.1111/ina.12670), which is a thorough examination of acids and bases in indoor environments. The review establishes a foundation for future research to better understand indoor acid-base chemistry and its implications for human health, indoor air quality, and materials damage. Indoor environments contain numerous acidic and basic species. However, up till now there has not been a systematic review of the state-of-knowledge for this important topic that broadly impacts indoor environments.
In this wokshop, we will discuss sources, concentrations, fates, and dynamic behavior of acids and bases in occupied buildings. The session will begin with presentations by the authors of the review (Prof. William W Nazaroff and Prof. Charles J. Weschler), followed by discussion with a panel that consists of chemists and building scientists. The panel and participants will identify the future research directions and opportunities for collaboration within the indoor air research community.

1. 1.Indoor Acids and Bases (William W Nazaroff)
2. 2.Indoor Acids and Bases (Charles J. Weschler)
3. Panelist: Linsey Marr, Paul Ziemann, Jonathan Abbatt, Cong Liu, Hugo Destaillats

Vehicles have been recently highlighted as another important indoor environment where people spend more time than ever. Along with the accelerated development of self-driving cars, more issues have focused on the optimum thermal comfort for drivers.
In this WS, we will discuss about the future direction of research about thermal comfort in vehicles.

1. 1.Strategies Providing Efficient Thermal Comfort in Vehicles (Hui Zhang)
2. 2.Modelling of thermoregulation to understand thermal comfort (Shinichi Tanabe)
3. 3.Trend review for thermal comfort evaluation in the automotive industry (Chunkyu Kwon)
4. 4.Prediction of thermal comfort of female passengers in a vehicle based on an outdoor experiment (Seoyeon Yun)
5. 5.Challenges of thermal comfort in vehicles (Simon Hodder)

School Particulate Matter Center for Energy & Environment Harmonization is under the Ministry of Science & ICT, and the Ministry of Education in Korea and it has been carrying out a national project funded by the government on particulate matter management for school since June last year.
Fine particulate matter warnings have been issued in Korean peninsula over the years and Korean society has been trying to come up with a solution against fine particulate matter in school area for young students' health.
This project is on the development of a school-customized thermal and air environment integrated management system for fine particulate matter at the level recommended by WHO to provide a healthy air environment by establishing a fine particulate matter management system at schools.
The major missions of this project are to identify all characteristics related to particulate matter generation in schools, evaluate and analyze the health impact of particulate matter on students, develop a renewable-energy powered system, demonstrate ways to improve schools' customized air environment, implement our research findings into improving relevant laws and education system, and build big data for optimal standardization.
It aims to produce pragmatic, applicable solutions to particulate matter management in schools and plan to design our future research in the interest of students and parents, teachers and education experts.

1. 1.Instruction on 'School Particulate Matter Center for Energy & Environment Harmonization' (DongChun Shin)
2. 2.Investigation of Human Activities and Outdoor Conditions as Sources of Indoor Particulate Matter (Young-Min Jo)
3. 3.Evaluation of Students’ Health Impact and Intervention Effect by Characteristics of Exposure by Particulate Matter in School (Changsoo Kim)
4. 4.Development of Clean Air Ventilation System Linked Indoor/Outdoor Heat and Air Environment with New and Renewable Energy (Choon-man Jang)
5. 5.Consultation on air environment improvement according to school type and demonstration of customized air environment improvement plan (Taeyeon Kim)
6. 6.Establishment of School Fine Dust Management System (Youngwook Lim)
7. 7.Developing Techniques for Big Data Collection, Processing, and Analysis; Energy-Environment-linked Management Technology and Integrated Support System (Jae-hyun Kim)

This workshop provides a detailed technology trend in Air cleaner especially Indoor use, providing the audience information related to overall Air cleaner system with various contamination concerns.

1. 1.The role of technical standards in improving IAQ (Wayne Morris)
2. 2.Case studies on proper selection of particle cleaning rate of air purifier indoors – in the view point of comparison with air change rate (Kwangchul Noh)
3. 3.Predicting a Particle Air Filter’s Lifetime from the Performance Change with the Use of Residential Air Purifier (Jongcheol Kim)
4. 4.CADR evaluation in auto mode of air purifier (Kang-Ho Ahn)
5. 5.Analysis of gas removal test result with aircleaner (Sangkyun Park)
6. 6.A parameter study for the optimization of Wire-plate charging and electrostatic precipitator (Yanghwa Lee)

With increasing use of low-polluting building materials and furnishings, and construction of energy efficient airtight buildings, emissions from humans are likely to grow in importance. Emissions via breath and skin represent mobile, potent, chemically diverse and highly variable sources of reactive chemicals in indoor spaces. ICHEAR aims to comprehensively characterize the chemical impact of human beings, the single common element in all living spaces. The aim of the program, sponsored by the A.P. Sloan Foundation, is to utilize state-of-the-art measurement techniques to examine the role of humans and their emissions in indoor air chemistry. It investigates the impact of exhaled and dermally emitted human bioeffluents under different conditions comprising human factors (level of clothing, age) and a variety of environmental factors (temperature, relative humidity, ozone). The symposium will, in a series of presentations, summarize the first findings, some of them being first of their kind. First, a comprehensive summary of the climate chamber experiments with human subjects will be presented. This will be followed by presentations on human CO2 emissions, human ammonia emissions, human VOC emissions and their transformations, impact of occupant-initiated chemistry on single-digit nanometer size particle concentrations, bioaerosols, skin surface chemistry and total OH reactivity.

1. 1.Overview of the ICHEAR 1 experiments (Gabriel Bekö)
2. 2.Human ammonia emissions as a function of temperature, humidity, clothing coverage, age, and ozone (Menzge Li)
3. 3.CO2 Emission Rates from Humans at Light Activity (Pawel Wargocki)
4. 4.VOC and OH reactivity from human beings (Nijing Wang)
5. 5.Ozone-initiated single-digit nanoparticle emissions from humans (Shen Yang)
6. 6.Influence of clothing on yields of ozone-skin lipid reaction products (Glenn Morrison)
7. 7.Human emissions of fluorescent biological aerosol particles: Influence of personal and environmental conditions (Dusan Licina)
8. 8.Total OH reactivity of Human Beings (Nora Zannoni)
9. 9.Future Directions in Understanding Human Volatilome (Pawel Misztal)

Particulate matter (PM) has emerged as one of the most serious environmental problems, raising great concern. To reduce the amount of outdoor PM which enters indoor environments via ventilation, efficient filtration technologies are needed in public buildings.
The aims of this session are to share the information of recent particle filtration technologies. We will also discuss the new functional filter materials and their fabrication methods. Finally, we try to answer what are the future air filtration technologies for the removal of indoor PM or bioaerosols.

1. 1.Fabrication of Silver Nanowire Coated Nanofiber Filter via Electrohydrodynamic Method for Bio-Aerosol Removal (Jungho Hwang)
2. 2.Single-Stage Air Filtration of Particles and Gaseous Contaminants in Buildings (Alireza Afshari)
3. 3.Charge degradation of electret filters with different surface charge densities (Myong Hwa Lee)
4. 4.Electrostatic air filtration by dielectric hetero-caking filters with low pressure drop (Jinhan Mo)
5. *Discussant: Jungho Hwang, Maosheng Yao, Alireza Afshari, Myong Hwa Lee, Jinhan Mo

The new framework for predicting chemical emissions from indoor sources, partitioning among indoor compartments and exposure to humans will be discussed. The framework is the result of a process aimed at achieving consensus regarding what is currently known about SVOC behavior indoors and can serve as the foundation for the development of an open‐source community model that can be used to guide research and implement policies. The workshop will advance this initiative by focusing on the following issues:
1) Uncertain or inconsistent elements of the framework
2) Concerns that arise from stakeholders
3) Integrating the regulatory perspective
4) Describing one or two case studies (including measured data and some chemicals with limited information to test high throughput capacities)
5) Deciding how we organize ourselves (meetings and making decisions)

1. 1.Introduction to the modular mechanistic framework for assessing human exposure to chemicals and case study (Clara Eichler)
2. 2.Case study on clothing, SVOCs and transdermal uptake (Glenn Morrison)
3. 3.Integrating the regulatory perspective on rapid consumer exposure to chemicals (Corinne Mandin)
4. 4.Knowledge gaps and how to treat them (Ying Xu)
5. 5.Development of an indoor exposure community model (John Little)

Due to advances in today’s sensing and mobile technologies, more and more data can be easily and effectively collected by various means. It is now feasible to collect and process a large amount of real data about the environmental satisfaction levels of a building’s occupants. A human body naturally reacts to ambient environmental conditions to minimize any environmental stress based on its autonomic nervous system (Streeten 2014). Therefore, the goal of this proposed workshop is to enhance the interdisciplinary knowledge to advance building indoor environmental controls as a function of human bio-signals (i.e., physiological signals). To identify intellectual challenges and research gaps, the following research components will be discussed with the four invited experts, internationally well-known in the IEQ/Human-Building-Interaction domains:
1) Human factors/bio-signal-types that can be integrated with building IEQ control and system/architectural design processes.
2) Relationship between human physiological signals and IEQ components, such as thermal, lighting, air, acoustic, and spatial quality conditions.
3) Exploitation of advanced hardware and software technologies that are capable of integrating building indoor environmental quality control and design with human factors as a sustainable environmental control strategy.

1. 1.Real time non-invasive (non-contact) measurements of human thermal physiology signals and thermal comfort/discomfort poses -A short review (Bin Yang)
2. 2.Predicting personal thermal comfort using wearable sensors (Shichao Liu)
3. 3.Relationship between human physiological responses and cognitive performance in indoor thermal environment (Dongwoo Yeom)
4. 4.Human-Building Integration as Novel Building Control Strategies to Enhance Environmental and Pshyological Benefits (Joon-Ho Choi)

Asthma and allergies have increased dramatically all over the world, and especially among children. However, there has been little scientific focus on the exposure of small children (and possibly fetuses), indoors, especially in homes. Since the first study was conducted in Sweden 2000 (DBH), the same study has then been repeated in Bulgaria, Singapore, Taiwan, Denmark, USA, South Korea and China. The questionnaire is about children’s health (asthma, allergies, airways infections), the families’ health, and the home environment. In the second step case-control studies with measurements and inspections have so far been carried out in Sweden, Bulgaria, Singapore, Taiwan, Denmark and China. The baseline questionnaire is then followed up for a longitudinal design, so far conducted in Sweden (SELMA) and China, with extended aims of investigating risks of indoor chemicals (EDCs such as phthalate, bisphonals, PFAs, flame retardants, etc.) on children’s health (e.g., neuro and sexual development).
This workshop will give a world view of indoor environment (housing) and health among children. The main findings from separate studies will be summarized and updated. Similar and different risk factors in the indoor environment affecting children’s health will be identified.
This workshop is a contribution from ISIAQ STC31 “Health Effects and Epidemiology”.

1. 1.Risk assessment of indoor environment on health, a journal from damp building (DBH) to modern chemical exposure (SELMA) in Sweden (Carl-Gustaf Bornehag)
2. 2.Modern home makes children allergic, Phase II study on children’s health and home environment in China (Yuexia Sun / Chanjuan Sun / Lifang Wang)
3. 3.Targeted and non-targeted analysis of chemical exposures indoors using silicone wristbands in the Global CogFx Study (Joseph Gardner Allen)
4. 4.Hormone-disrupting bioactivities, PFAS, and flame retardants in indoor dust (Anna Young)

Background: Indoor air pollution has been neglected compared to ambient outdoor pollution while people spend over 80% of their time indoors. One reason may be that insufficient burden of disease data have been generated for indoor air pollution internationally and have reached the political and social spheres.
Scientific Purpose: Global estimates of burden of disease from indoor air pollution are now necessary, and to this purpose, harmonized methods must be set. To address this problem co-operatively, researchers are invited to constitute a panel.
Content of the session: Following the presentations of some evaluations of the burden of disease of indoor air pollution in China, Europe and the USA, the participants will be invited to discuss about the harmonized methods to be used, the existing data, the way to tackle the limitations, and the ways to convince policy makers.
This workshop will be the official start of a new Scientific and Technical Committee (STC) of ISIAQ targeted to the burden of disease of indoor air pollution.

1. 1.TBD (Otto Hänninen)
2. 2.TBD (Corinne MANDIN)
3. 3.TBD (Wei Liu)

The world is facing a rapid increase of air conditioning of buildings. Climate change is a major factor driving this trend. It is critical to develop strategies to support a rapid transition to an environment where resilient low energy and low carbon cooling systems are the mainstream.

1. 1.Holistic strategies for natural ventilation in a warming urban climate (Ulrike Passe)
2. 2.TBD (Forrest Meggers)
3. 3.Fans for Resilient Cooling (Hui Zhang)
4. 4.Research on the proximity cooling for saving electric vehicle cooling energy –Part 1. Radiant cooling (Chunyoon Chun)

The concept of traditional heating/cooling systems is to control the thermal conditions of indoor space, i.e. space heating/cooling. Thus, the largest part of heating or cooling provided by a system is dissipated in the indoor “space”, but not received by occupants’ “body”, which leads to waste of energy. A new type of system- PCS (Personal Comfort System) could be a supplement to overcome this issue. PCS aims to provide an occupant thermal control methods at a small domain around the occupant’s body, so that to satisfy his/her individual heating/cooling demand. Using PCS can also lead to a wider acceptable range of indoor temperature, so it is possible to lower energy usage for space heating/cooling.
Contents of the workshop:
1) To introduce a PCS design guideline developed by IEA-EBC Annex69 team
2) To share working experience on PCS from several international researchers
3) To discuss the potential of PCS usage in the future

1. 1.Is It Possible to “Design” Personal Comfort Environment?: Comprehensive Post-Occupancy Evaluation as a Potential Application for Individuals’ Environmental Controls (Joon-ho Choi)
2. 2.Personal thermal comfort models with wearable sensors (Shichao Liu)
3. 3.The tradeoff between overall and local thermal perceptions when using local cooling/heating (Bin Cao)

Care must be taken of the right for health and the right for learning to create a protective school environment in which the growing students feel safe, and that is one of the most important roles of our society since the students have to spend their time daily at school.
It is urgent that measures to protect school environment against air pollution because the particulate matter has been a problem of national magnitude in the past few years in East Asia. In particular, it is all the more imperative than ever to come up with measures to reduce the level of fine particulate matter exposure and to control air quality in the areas where students stay most of their time for the sake of our vulnerable young students.
Nothing is more important than the health of our students, who will lead the future of our society. Therefore, it will be an opportunity to share the latest information and to mutual cooperate in regards to ‘healthier air for healthy school’ with eminent experts in air pollution of China, Japan, Taiwan, Korea, and Europe through this workshop.

1. 1.Introduction on International Forum ‘Healthier Air for Healthy School' (DongChun Shin)
2. 2.Solid Fuel Use in China: Why does it matter? (Xiaoli Duan)
3. 3.Air Pollution Research Among School Children In Japan (Takehiro Michikawa)
4. 4.Classroom Environment in Elementary Schools and its Association with Students’ Respiratory Infections (Yuexia Sun)
5. 5.Healthier Air for Healthy School in Taiwan (Chang-Chuan Chan)
6. 6.Indoor Air Monitoring within the London’s School Air Quality Audit Programme (Peter Walsh)
7. 7.Verification of Emission Source of School Indoor Dust (Young-Min Jo)
8. 8.Introduction on SPMC / Wrap-up (DongChun Shin)